Hokkaido

The Hokkaido is a courageous Japanese spitz—alert, loyal, and weather‑tough with a dense double coat. Best for experienced owners who enjoy training, outdoor time, and a confident, watchful companion.

Breed Group
Miscellaneous
Activity Level
High
Size Category
Medium
Coat Type
Double Coat
Coat Texture
Dense
Activity Level
High
Trainability
High
Shedding Level
High
Family Friendly
Yes
Apartment Friendly
With Caveats
Hypoallergenic
No
Breed Type
Purebred

Breed History

An ancient breed from Japan’s northern island, the Hokkaido (Ainu Ken) accompanied indigenous Ainu hunters on bear and deer. Selected for courage, weather resistance, and loyalty, it remains a rare spitz outside Japan and is recognized by several international registries.

Physical Characteristics

Substantial and well-balanced with hallmark breed features.

  • Weight: 44–66 lb (20–30 kg)
  • Height: 18–20 in (46–51 cm)
  • Coat type: Harsh, weather‑resistant double coat with thick undercoat
  • Coat colors: Red, white, black, brindle, sesame
  • Distinctive traits: Compact, powerful build; curled tail; erect ears; keen expression

Grooming

Seasonal coat blow demands regular upkeep.

  • Brushing: 2–3×/week; daily during heavy shed.
  • Bathing: Every 6–8 weeks or when dirty; blow‑dry to skin during shed.
  • Nails/Teeth: Routine trims and dental care.

Exercise Needs

High energy with a watchdog streak—needs outlets and structure.

  • Daily duration: 60–90 minutes.
  • Activities: Hiking, canicross, obedience/rally, tracking games.
  • Management: Secure fencing; supervise around small pets.

Training Tips

Intelligent and bold—firm, fair, reward‑based training works best.

  • Focus areas: Socialization, recall management, polite greetings.
  • Approach: Short, upbeat sessions; avoid harsh methods.

Nutrition & Diet

Balanced diet to support a muscular spitz physique.

  • Quantity: ~2.5–4 cups/day in 2 meals; adjust to activity.

Adoption & Breeders

Rare outside Japan—seek dedicated spitz breeders or rescue networks.

  • Breeders: Club referrals; discuss temperament and socialization planning.
  • Rescue: Spitz and northern-breed rescues occasionally place Hokkaido.

Health Concerns

Generally healthy; choose breeders who screen for inherited issues.

  • Orthopedic: Hip screening recommended.
  • Eyes: Screening recommended.
  • Life expectancy: 12–15 years.

Frequent Asked Questions

Are Hokkaido dogs good with kids?
Often devoted; best with experienced, supervised homes.

Do they shed?
High—seasonal blow requires daily brushing.

Apartment-friendly?
With Caveats—needs exercise, training, and voice management.

How trainable?
Moderate to High—confident and intelligent with fair leadership.

Good off‑leash?
Use secure areas; prey/guardian instincts can override recall.

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