West Highland White Terrier

New to the West Highland White Terrier? Temperament, Training & Daily Care for Canadians

The West Highland White Terrier, affectionately known as the “Westie,” is a cheerful, confident, and affectionate small terrier with a bright white coat and a personality as bold as it is charming. Bred in Scotland to hunt small game, the Westie is spirited, intelligent, and adaptable—making it a favorite companion for families, singles, and seniors alike. Known for their playful nature and loyalty, Westies thrive in homes that provide daily activity, mental stimulation, and plenty of companionship.

Breed Group
Activity Level
Moderate
Size Category
Small
Coat Type
Double Coat
Coat Texture
Soft
Activity Level
Moderate
Trainability
High
Shedding Level
Low
Family Friendly
Yes
Apartment Friendly
Yes
Hypoallergenic
No
Breed Type
Purebred
West Highland White Terrier with a fluffy white coat sitting on a dirt trail in a forest, looking alert and cheerful with ears upright.

Breed History of the West Highland White Terrier

The West Highland White Terrier originated in Scotland and shares ancestry with other Scottish terriers such as the Cairn Terrier and Scottish Terrier. Bred for hunting foxes, badgers, and other small game, the Westie’s distinctive white coat made them easily visible in the field. Colonel Edward Donald Malcolm of Poltalloch is credited with refining the breed in the late 1800s after selecting only white-coated dogs for breeding. Recognized by the Kennel Club (UK) in 1907 and the American Kennel Club in 1908, the Westie has since become one of the world’s most beloved small terriers.

West Highland White Terrier Appearance: Size, Coat & Distinctive Features

A small, sturdy terrier with a bright white coat and alert expression.

  • Weight: 15–20 lbs (male & female)
  • Height: 10–11 in (male & female)
  • Coat Type: Double coat with a soft undercoat and harsh, straight outer coat
  • Coat Colors: Always white
  • Distinctive Physical Traits: Dark, almond-shaped eyes; erect ears; compact build; carrot-shaped tail

How to Groom a West Highland White Terrier: Coat Care & Maintenance

Westies require regular grooming to maintain their crisp coat and neat appearance.

  • Brushing: 2–3 times per week to prevent matting
  • Hand-Stripping: Every few months to maintain coat texture (especially for show dogs)
  • Bathing: Every 4–6 weeks or as needed
  • Ear Cleaning: Weekly to prevent wax buildup and infection
  • Nail Trimming: Every 3–4 weeks
  • Shedding: Low to moderate

West Highland White Terrier Exercise Needs: Daily Activity & Playtime Tips

Active and curious, Westies need daily exercise to stay happy and healthy.

  • Daily Exercise: 30–45 minutes of walking, play, or interactive games
  • Ideal Activities: Walks, fetch, agility, scent games
  • Suitability: Well-suited for apartments or houses with yards

Training a West Highland White Terrier: Behavior, Commands & Socialization

Smart and eager to learn, but with a touch of terrier stubbornness.

  • Training Style: Positive reinforcement with firm, consistent rules
  • Socialization: Early socialization helps prevent excessive barking and bossiness
  • Mental Stimulation: Puzzle toys, trick training, and scent work
  • Challenge Level: Low to moderate—trainable but independent at times

West Highland White Terrier Diet: Feeding Schedule & Nutrition Tips

A balanced diet supports their energy and coat health.

  • Food Type: High-quality small-breed kibble or fresh diet
  • Daily Quantity: 1–1.5 cups split into two meals
  • Feeding Schedule: Twice daily
  • Diet Tips: Monitor weight to prevent obesity; include omega fatty acids for skin and coat health

West Highland White Terrier Health Issues: Common Problems & Lifespan

Generally healthy but prone to certain breed-specific issues.

  • Common Issues: Atopic dermatitis (skin allergies), luxating patella, Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, cataracts
  • Life Expectancy: 12–16 years
  • Health Testing: Patella evaluation, eye exams, and skin health monitoring recommended

Where to Adopt or Find West Highland White Terrier Puppies in Canada

Westies are widely available through breeders and rescues.

  • Breeders: Choose CKC-registered breeders who conduct health screenings
  • Adoption: Check terrier-specific and small-dog rescues
  • Canadian Resources: West Highland White Terrier Club of Canada, Canadian Kennel Club breeder listings

Frequently Asked Questions About the West Highland White Terrier

Are Westies good family dogs?
Yes, they are affectionate, playful, and generally good with respectful children.

Do Westies bark a lot?
They can be vocal watchdogs but respond well to training.

Do Westies shed?
Yes, but minimally compared to many other breeds.

Are Westies easy to train?
Yes, they are intelligent but require consistent guidance.

Do they get along with other pets?
Generally yes, though they may chase smaller animals due to prey drive.

Are they hypoallergenic?
No, but their low-shedding coat may be more manageable for allergy sufferers.

How much grooming do they need?
Regular brushing and occasional hand-stripping are essential.

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West Highland White Terrier with a fluffy white coat sitting on a dirt trail in a forest, looking alert and cheerful with ears upright.
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