Papillon

The Papillon’s history dates back several centuries, with depictions found in European paintings from the 16th century. Originating in France and Belgium, the breed’s name means “butterfly” in French, referring to its signature fringed ears that resemble a butterfly’s wings. Papillons were a favorite among European nobility, appearing in the portraits of queens and aristocrats. The erect-eared version became the modern Papillon, while the drop-eared type is known as the Phalène. Recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1915, the Papillon remains one of the most intelligent and trainable toy breeds.

‍

A fine-boned, elegant toy breed with a graceful outline and alert expression.

• Weight: 5–10 lbs
• Height: 8–11 in
• Coat Type: Long, straight, silky single coat
• Coat Colors: White with patches of black, red, sable, lemon, or tricolor
• Distinctive Physical Traits: Large fringed ears (erect or drop), plumed tail carried over the back, bright dark eyes

‍

The silky coat is relatively easy to care for but benefits from regular attention.

• Brushing: 2–3 times per week to prevent tangles and remove loose hair
• Bathing: Every 4–6 weeks or as needed
• Ear Cleaning: Weekly to prevent wax buildup
• Nail Trimming: Every 3–4 weeks
• Shedding: Light to moderate year-round

‍

A small but energetic breed that needs daily activity to stay happy and fit.

• Daily Exercise: 30–45 minutes of play, walks, or training
• Ideal Activities: Agility, obedience, fetch, indoor play
• Suitability: Adapts well to apartments and homes with yards

‍

Papillons are quick learners with a strong desire to please.

• Training Style: Positive reinforcement with treats and praise
• Socialization: Introduce early to new people, pets, and environments
• Mental Stimulation: Use puzzle toys, trick training, and agility courses
• Challenge Level: Low—highly trainable and eager to learn

‍

A balanced, portion-controlled diet is important to maintain a healthy weight.

• Food Type: High-quality dry kibble or fresh food diet
• Daily Quantity: ¼–½ cup split into two meals
• Feeding Schedule: Twice daily
• Diet Tips: Monitor weight closely; small dogs are prone to obesity if overfed

‍

Papillons are available through reputable breeders and rescue organizations.

• Breeders: Choose CKC-registered breeders who health test breeding dogs
• Adoption: Look for Papillon-specific rescues or toy breed adoption networks
• Canadian Resources: Papillon Canada, Canadian Kennel Club breeder directory

‍

Generally healthy but prone to some toy breed issues.

• Common Issues: Patellar luxation, dental problems, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), collapsed trachea
• Life Expectancy: 13–16 years
• Health Testing: Knee evaluations, eye exams, and dental checks recommended

‍

Are Papillons good apartment dogs?
Yes, they adapt well to small spaces if exercised daily.

Do Papillons bark a lot?
They can be alert and vocal but respond well to training.

Are Papillons good with children?
Yes, with gentle handling; best with older, respectful kids due to their small size.

Do Papillons shed a lot?
They shed lightly to moderately year-round.

Are Papillons easy to train?
Yes, they are among the most trainable toy breeds.

Do Papillons need a lot of grooming?
No, their silky coat is relatively low-maintenance.

Can Papillons live with other pets?
Yes, especially when properly socialized.

‍