Spanish Mastiff

The Spanish Water Dog has been a working companion in Spain for centuries, with origins believed to date back over 1,000 years. Its ancestors likely came from North Africa, brought by traders and shepherds, and were adapted to the diverse climates and terrains of the Iberian Peninsula. Historically, they served as sheep and goat herders in the mountains, duck retrievers in marshlands, and general farm helpers. The breed was officially recognized in Spain in 1985 and by the American Kennel Club in 2015.

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A medium-sized, athletic dog with a curly, woolly coat that can form cords when left untrimmed.

• Weight: 31–49 lbs (male & female)
• Height: 17–20 in (male), 16–18 in (female)
• Coat Type: Curly, woolly, single coat; can be clipped once a year
• Coat Colors: Solid black, brown, beige, white, or bicolor combinations
• Distinctive Physical Traits: Curly coat texture, expressive eyes, docked or naturally bobbed tail (in some dogs)

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Unique coat requires specific maintenance for health and appearance.

• Brushing: Avoid regular brushing; maintain coat by separating cords as needed
• Trimming: Typically clipped down once a year
• Bathing: As needed; allow coat to air dry naturally
• Ear Cleaning: Weekly to prevent infections, especially in water-working dogs
• Nail Trimming: Every 3–4 weeks
• Shedding: Low; hair falls out within cords during growth cycle

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A high-energy working breed that needs daily physical and mental activity.

• Daily Exercise: 60–90 minutes of active play, running, or swimming
• Ideal Activities: Herding trials, agility, dock diving, obedience
• Suitability: Best for active owners; not ideal for sedentary lifestyle

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Highly intelligent and eager to learn, with a strong work ethic.

• Training Style: Positive reinforcement with clear, consistent commands
• Socialization: Early exposure to people, pets, and varied environments ensures confidence
• Mental Stimulation: Scent games, herding exercises, puzzle toys
• Challenge Level: Low—quick learners with proper engagement

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A balanced diet supports their active lifestyle and coat health.

• Food Type: High-quality dry kibble or fresh/raw diet
• Daily Quantity: 2–3 cups split into two meals
• Feeding Schedule: Twice daily
• Diet Tips: Include omega-3 fatty acids for skin and coat health

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Rare outside Spain but available through dedicated breeders.

• Breeders: Choose CKC-registered breeders who follow coat care and health protocols
• Adoption: Check working dog rescues and breed-specific networks
• Canadian Resources: Canadian Kennel Club breeder listings, Spanish Water Dog Club of Canada

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Generally healthy but may be prone to some hereditary conditions.

• Common Issues: Hip dysplasia, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), hypothyroidism
• Life Expectancy: 12–14 years
• Health Testing: Hip and eye evaluations recommended for breeding dogs

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Are Spanish Water Dogs good family dogs?
Yes, they are affectionate, loyal, and great with active families.

Do they bark a lot?
They may bark when alerting or guarding.

Do they shed much?
No, they are low-shedding.

Are they easy to train?
Yes, they are intelligent and responsive.

Do they get along with other pets?
Yes, with proper socialization.

Are they hypoallergenic?
They are considered low-allergen but not fully hypoallergenic.

How much exercise do they need?
At least 60–90 minutes daily.

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