German Shepherd Dog

The German Shepherd originated in Germany in the late 19th century, developed by Captain Max von Stephanitz with the goal of creating the ideal herding and working dog. Officially recognized in 1899, the breed quickly gained international recognition for its intelligence, strength, and trainability. It became especially prominent during World Wars I and II as a military and police dog and is now among the most popular breeds globally.

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A powerful, agile, and noble-looking breed built for endurance and performance.

• Weight: 50–90 lb (22–41 kg)
• Height: 22–26 inches (56–66 cm)
• Coat Type: Double coat (medium-length outer coat with dense undercoat)
• Coat Colors: Black and tan, black and red, sable, solid black, bi-color, and others
• Distinctive Physical Traits: Upright ears, long bushy tail, sloped back (in some lines), intelligent expression

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German Shepherds shed year-round and "blow" their coat seasonally.

• Brushing: 2–3 times a week; daily during shedding seasons
• Bathing: Every 6–8 weeks or as needed
• Ears/Nails/Teeth: Clean ears weekly, trim nails monthly, brush teeth several times a week
• Special Attention: Use an undercoat rake or de-shedding tool during seasonal shedding

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Highly energetic and driven, the GSD requires regular, vigorous exercise.

• Daily Duration: 90+ minutes
• Activities: Long walks, hikes, jogging, agility, tracking, obedience training, and working roles
• Suitability: Best for experienced dog owners who lead active lifestyles or want a working companion

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Exceptionally intelligent and eager to learn, but needs early and ongoing training.

• Method: Positive reinforcement, clear commands, mental stimulation
• Focus Areas: Socialization, bite inhibition, leash manners, advanced obedience
• Challenge: Can become bored or anxious without adequate stimulation
• Best With: Consistent, confident handlers who provide structure and purpose

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Balanced nutrition is essential to maintain this active breed’s muscular physique and joint health.

• Food Type: High-protein, premium-quality kibble or raw/fresh food
• Daily Quantity: 3–4 cups split into two meals (adjust for age and activity level)
• Feeding Schedule: Twice daily
• Diet Advice: Joint supplements (e.g., glucosamine) are beneficial, especially in senior dogs

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German Shepherds are common, but quality varies—reputable sources are critical.

• Breeders: Choose CKC-registered breeders who prioritize health, temperament, and work suitability
• Rescue Options: German Shepherd Rescue organizations across Canada (e.g., GSRT in Ontario, West Coast GSR in BC)
• Canadian Resources: Check the Canadian Kennel Club or local obedience clubs for breeder referrals

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While generally healthy, the breed is prone to certain inherited conditions.

• Common Issues: Hip and elbow dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, bloat, allergies, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI)
• Life Expectancy: 9–13 years
• Recommended Testing: OFA hips and elbows, DM genetic testing, cardiac evaluation, and regular vet checkups

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Are German Shepherds good family dogs?
Yes—with proper socialization and training, they are loyal and protective companions.

Do German Shepherds shed a lot?
Yes. They are heavy shedders and require regular brushing, especially during coat-blowing seasons.

Are German Shepherds hypoallergenic?
No. They are not considered hypoallergenic.

How much exercise does a German Shepherd need?
At least 90 minutes daily of both physical and mental stimulation.

Can German Shepherds live in apartments?
Only if sufficiently exercised and mentally stimulated—larger living spaces are preferred.

Are German Shepherds aggressive?
No, not inherently. With proper training and socialization, they are stable and confident.

How long do German Shepherds live?
Typically 9 to 13 years, depending on lineage and health care.

Do German Shepherds bark a lot?
They are naturally vocal and protective. Early training can help manage barking.

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