Estrela Mountain Dog

One of the oldest breeds in the Iberian Peninsula, the Estrela Mountain Dog originated in Portugal’s Serra da Estrela region. Bred to guard flocks from wolves and thieves, they developed strong protective instincts, thick coats, and remarkable endurance. Though rare outside Portugal, breed enthusiasts revived its numbers in the 20th century. The Estrela was officially recognized by the Portuguese Kennel Club in 1933 and the UKC in 1996.

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The Estrela is a large, rugged dog with a noble presence and a thick coat designed for mountainous climates.

• Weight: 77–132 lb (35–60 kg)
• Height: 24–29 inches (61–74 cm)
• Coat Type: Long or short, thick double coat
• Coat Colors: Fawn, brindle, wolf gray, with or without black mask
• Distinctive Physical Traits: Curved tail, V-shaped ears, powerful frame, dark expressive eyes

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Moderate grooming is needed, especially for long-haired Estrelas.

• Brushing: 2–3 times per week (daily during shedding)
• Bathing: Every 6–8 weeks or as needed
• Ears/Nails/Teeth: Clean ears weekly, trim nails monthly, brush teeth several times weekly
• Special Attention: Heavy seasonal shedding; undercoat requires thorough brushing

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While not hyperactive, the Estrela needs daily physical and mental engagement.

• Daily Duration: 45–60 minutes
• Activities: Leashed walks, property patrols, scent work, guarding tasks
• Suitability: Best for rural or suburban homes with space and secure fencing
• Energy Level: Moderate

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This intelligent but independent breed responds best to confident, respectful leadership.

• Method: Positive reinforcement with clear boundaries and consistency
• Focus Areas: Socialization, obedience, impulse control
• Challenge: Can be aloof, stubborn, or suspicious—requires patience and time
• Best With: Experienced owners who understand guardian instincts

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Estrelas benefit from a high-quality, well-balanced diet that supports joint health.

• Food Type: Premium kibble or raw/fresh diet for large-breed dogs
• Daily Quantity: 3–5 cups depending on size and activity level
• Feeding Schedule: Split into two meals per day
• Diet Advice: Monitor weight to prevent joint stress; consider joint supplements

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Due to its rarity, finding an Estrela requires research and patience.

• Breeders: Look for those registered with reputable European or Canadian breed clubs
• Rescue Options: Rare breed rescue networks, international transport groups
• Canadian Resources: Canadian Rare Breeds Club, CKC breeder listings

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Generally robust, but some genetic issues may occur.

• Common Issues: Hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, entropion, bloat
• Life Expectancy: 10–14 years
• Recommended Testing: Hips, elbows, eyes, and cardiac evaluations

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Are Estrela Mountain Dogs good family pets?
Yes—for experienced families. They’re loyal and protective, but need proper socialization.

Are Estrelas aggressive?
Not inherently—but they are naturally wary of strangers and highly protective.

Do they get along with other dogs?
With early socialization, they can, but they may be dominant with same-sex dogs.

Are Estrelas good for first-time dog owners?
No. They require confident handling, training experience, and space.

Do Estrelas bark a lot?
They are alert guardians and will bark to announce perceived threats.

Are Estrelas good apartment dogs?
No—they need space, structure, and a job to do.

How often do they shed?
They shed seasonally—expect heavier shedding in spring and fall.

Are they good with kids?
Yes, when raised with children. They’re calm and watchful but supervision is always key.

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