Saint Bernard

The Saint Bernard’s origins date back to the 11th century, when monks at the Great St. Bernard Hospice in the Swiss Alps bred large working dogs for rescue, guarding, and companionship. These dogs became renowned for saving lost travelers trapped in snowstorms and avalanches. The breed is descended from large farm dogs of the Alps, possibly crossed with Mastiff-type dogs brought by the Romans. Modern Saint Bernards are celebrated worldwide for their gentle temperament, though they are more often family companions than alpine rescuers today.

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A massive, powerful dog with a noble, expressive face.

• Weight: 140–180 lbs (male), 120–140 lbs (female)
• Height: 28–30 in (male), 26–28 in (female)
• Coat Type: Shorthaired (smooth) or longhaired (rough) double coat
• Coat Colors: White with red, mahogany, brindle, or tan markings; often with black mask
• Distinctive Physical Traits: Broad head, deep chest, powerful build, expressive dark eyes, drooping jowls

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Moderate grooming needs depending on coat type.

• Brushing: Weekly; 2–3 times per week during shedding seasons
• Bathing: Every 6–8 weeks or as needed
• Ear Cleaning: Weekly to prevent infections
• Nail Trimming: Every 3–4 weeks
• Shedding: Moderate year-round; heavier during seasonal coat changes

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Moderate exercise needs for their size.

• Daily Exercise: 30–60 minutes of walks and play
• Ideal Activities: Leisurely walks, light hiking, playtime in secure yard
• Suitability: Best for homes with space; not ideal for small apartments

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Gentle giants that respond well to patient, positive training.

• Training Style: Positive reinforcement; avoid overly harsh corrections
• Socialization: Early exposure to people, pets, and environments is essential
• Mental Stimulation: Obedience training, puzzle toys, gentle pulling work
• Challenge Level: Low—eager to please but can be slow to mature mentally

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Balanced diet tailored for giant breeds.

• Food Type: High-quality dry kibble or fresh/raw diet for large breeds
• Daily Quantity: 5–8 cups split into two meals
• Feeding Schedule: Twice daily
• Diet Tips: Joint supplements recommended; avoid vigorous exercise after meals to prevent bloat

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Widely available through breeders and giant breed rescues.

• Breeders: Choose CKC-registered breeders with health-tested breeding stock
• Adoption: Check Saint Bernard-specific rescues and giant dog adoption networks
• Canadian Resources: Canadian Kennel Club breeder listings, Saint Bernard Club of Canada

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Prone to several large-breed health issues.

• Common Issues: Hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, bloat (gastric torsion), heart disease, bone cancer
• Life Expectancy: 8–10 years
• Health Testing: Hip, elbow, and cardiac evaluations recommended for breeding dogs

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Are Saint Bernards good family dogs?
Yes, they are gentle, affectionate, and patient with children.

Do they bark a lot?
No, they are generally quiet unless alerting to something unusual.

Do they shed much?
Yes, especially during seasonal shedding periods.

Are they easy to train?
Yes, with gentle, consistent methods.

Do they get along with other pets?
Yes, they are typically friendly and tolerant.

Are they hypoallergenic?
No.

How much exercise do they need?
About 30–60 minutes daily.

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